Frottage is a method of art and is defined as “the technique of taking a rubbing from an uneven surface to form a design”. This term was coined by Max Ernst when he is known to be developing collage and assemblage techniques. Frottage was also claimed to be invented by Edgar Munch when he was working in surfaces consisting of coarse paper. It is considered an avant-garde  artistic techniquemethod. During World War 1, Ernst became a member of the French avant-garde group that was in search for new artistic approaches. They wanted ways to portray dreams and subconscious mind. This meant straying far from capturing precise images and transforming them into the general marks and shapes of the subject. With this type of automatism in art, chance plays an important role. Because automatism is also a technique used to initiate a drawing without any preconceived ideas, it is an impulsive mixture of chance and mark-making. Frottage distinctly combines both techniques, forming an astonishing and unpredictable piece. Due to frottage, artists can study how chance and purpose combine along with the division for conscious control and unintentional action. With the help of chance, frottage extends new avenues for creative exploration while inviting participants to contemplate the unforeseeable textures and patterns that come along. As a flexible and energetic artistic technique, frottage serves to inspire modern artists willing to transgress traditional performance of arts boundaries.